What are the cooling methods for dry-type transformers?

The cooling methods for dry-type transformers are critical for their performance and reliability. Effective cooling measures ensure that the transformer maintains an appropriate operating temperature during operation, thereby extending its service life and improving overall efficiency. The primary cooling methods for dry-type transformers include the following:

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●Open Cooling:

Open cooling is one of the most common cooling methods. In this method, the transformer's casing is directly exposed to the air, allowing natural convection to dissipate heat. This method is suitable for installations indry, well-ventilated environments such ascontrol roomsordistribution rooms. To ensure effective heat dissipation, the ambient temperature should be controlled ataround 20°C, and the air humidity should not exceed85%. In an open design, dry-type transformers are usually equipped with gas over-temperature protection devices to monitor and prevent potential faults caused by abnormal temperatures. Additionally, air-cooling methods are often combined with open cooling by using fans to increase air flow, further enhancing heat dissipation efficiency.

●Enclosed Cooling:

Enclosed cooling involves placing the transformer in a sealed enclosure, primarily used in special environments that require explosion protection, such as mines or other hazardous locations. In an enclosed design, the transformer does not come into direct contact with external air. Due to the sealing of the enclosure and limited heat dissipation conditions, enclosed cooling systems musthave effective internal circulation cooling devices. To address heat dissipation in such environments, enclosed transformers typically need to be equipped with special cooling systems, such as built-in fans or forced circulation cooling systems, to ensure that the internal temperature remains within a safe range.

●Cast Resin Cooling:

The cast resin cooling method involvesusing epoxy resin or other insulating materials to cast the transformer, forming the main insulation layer. This structure not only provides excellent electrical insulation but also has some heat dissipation capabilities. Due tothe high thermal conductivity of epoxy resin, it can effectively transfer the generated heat to the transformer's casing, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. Cast resin transformers have a simple structure and compact size, making them suitable forlow-capacity or space-constrained applications. Their advantage lies in reducing the impact of dust and moisture in the air on the transformer, enhancing the durability and stability of the equipment.

In summary

Each cooling method has its specific applications and advantages and disadvantages. Selecting the appropriate cooling solution requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the transformer's operating environment, load conditions, and installation space. Effective cooling measures not only ensure the normal operation of the transformer but also enhance the overall performance and reliability of the equipment.

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