What categories can transformers be classified into based on the cooling methods?

Transformers, as critical equipment in power systems, generate a significant amount of heat during operation. To ensure the proper functioning of transformers and to extend their service life,effective cooling measures must be implemented. Transformers can be categorized into various types based on their cooling methods. This article will explore the different types of transformers categorized by cooling methods, analyzing their main characteristics and application fields.

Content

●Natural Cooling Transformers

Natural cooling transformers dissipate heat to the surrounding environment throughnatural convection, radiation, and conduction. These transformers are simple in structure and easy to maintain, making them suitable formedium and small-sized transformers. Relying on natural air flow for heat dissipation, natural cooling transformers are typically installed in well-ventilated environments. They are mainly used in medium and low voltage distribution systems, such as urban distribution networks, rural power grids, and distribution systems in industrial and mining enterprises.

●Air-Cooled Transformers

Air-cooled transformers utilize fans forforced cooling, increasing air flow to enhance the heat dissipation effect. This cooling method is suitable forhigh-power and high-load transformers, significantly improving cooling efficiency. Air-cooled transformers are commonly used for main transformers in power systems, industrial transformers, and transformers for special applications. Their advantages include high cooling efficiency and good heat dissipation. However, regular maintenance of the fans and cleaning of the radiators are required to ensure normal operation.

●Oil-Cooled Transformers

Oil-cooled transformers are installed in oil tanks, using the convection of oil to achieve cooling.Transformer oil has good insulation and heat dissipation properties, effectively removing the heat generated during transformer operation. Depending on the cooling method, oil-cooled transformers can be divided intonatural oil cooling andforced oil cooling. Natural oil cooling transformers rely on the natural convection of oil for heat dissipation, suitable for medium and small-sized transformers. Forced oil cooling transformers use oil pumps to circulate the oil, suitable for large-capacity and high-load transformers. These transformers are widely used inhigh voltage and ultra-high voltage transmission systems.

●Evaporative Cooling Transformers

Evaporative cooling transformers are a new type of cooling method, where the transformer is installed in a special container filled with a certain volume offluorocarbon liquid. Cooling is achieved through the evaporation and condensation of the liquid. Fluorocarbon liquid has a low boiling point and good thermal conductivity. During transformer operation, the liquid absorbs heat and evaporates into gas, which then condenses into liquid in the cooler and recirculates. This cooling method provides significant cooling effects, effectively reducing the operating temperature of the transformer, making it suitable forhigh-power and high-temperature environments. It is mainly used in special fields such ashigh-frequency high-voltage transformers andnuclear power plant transformers.

In summary

Transformers can be categorized intonatural cooling transformers,air-cooled transformers,oil-cooledtransformers, andevaporative cooling transformers based on their cooling methods. Each cooling method has its unique advantages and applicable scenarios. Natural cooling transformers are simple in structure and suitable for medium and small-sized transformers; air-cooled transformers have high cooling efficiency, suitable for high-power transformers; oil-cooled transformers provide excellent cooling effects, suitable for high voltage and ultra-high voltage transformers; evaporative cooling transformers have superior cooling performance, suitable for high-power transformers in special environments. Understanding and choosing the appropriate cooling method is crucial for ensuring the proper operation and extending the service life of transformers.

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LuShan, est.1975, is a Chinese professional manufacturer specializing in power transformers and reactors for 49 years. Leading products are single-phase transformer, three-phase transformers, DC inductors, AC reactors, filtering reactor, expoxy resin high-voltage transformer and intermediate, high-frequency products.Our transformers and reactors are widely used in 10 application areas: rapid transit, construction machinery, renewable energy, intelligent manufacturing, medical equipment, coal mine explosion prevention , excitation system, vacuum sintering, central air conditioning.

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