{"id":4419,"date":"2026-08-07T11:31:37","date_gmt":"2026-08-07T11:31:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lstransformer.com\/?p=4419"},"modified":"2026-09-26T12:38:28","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T12:38:28","slug":"how-to-design-anti-sand-clogging-for-transformer-radiators-in-desert-areas-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lstransformer.com\/ru\/how-to-design-anti-sand-clogging-for-transformer-radiators-in-desert-areas-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445?<\/b><\/h1>\n

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\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

1. \u0423\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/em><\/b><\/h3>\n

\u0423\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n

(1) \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438:<\/strong><\/h6>\n

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(2) \u042d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b:<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u00a0\u0415\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 20-30 \u00b0 C \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043b\u044e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432 (\u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: 23 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076 \/ \u00b0 C) \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 0,69 \u043c\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440 30 \u00b0 C. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n

(3) \u041d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430:<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u041e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 15%, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446 \u043f\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0439. \u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 5-10 \u043a\u0412, \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c 40-60% \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 18 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 20-30 \u041a \u0438 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 IEEE Std C57.91-2011, \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0435 6 \u00b0 C \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0422\u0438\u043f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/td>\n\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u041f\u0430)<\/td>\n\u041f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 18 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 (\u041f\u0430)<\/td>\n\u041f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b (K)<\/td>\n\u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044b)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n120<\/td>\n310<\/td>\n+28<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u041f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n150<\/td>\n240<\/td>\n+15<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d<\/td>\n180<\/td>\n210<\/td>\n+8<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 1: \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0438<\/i><\/div>\n

2. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/em><\/b><\/h3>\n

2.1 \u0410\u044d\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/i><\/h4>\n

\u0410\u044d\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u043c \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0435 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0430.<\/p>\n

(1) \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438: <\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 (12-15 \u043c\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 6-8 \u043c\u043c) \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 (8-10 \u043c\u043c). \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430: \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 (2-3 \u043c \/ \u0441) \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c, \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 (4-5 \u043c \/ \u0441) \u0443\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u044b\u043b\u044c. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 40%.<\/p>\n

\u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c:<\/p>\n

v\u2082 = v\u2081 \u00d7 (a\u2081\/a\u2082) \u00d7 C_d<\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0413\u0434\u0435:<\/p>\n

V\u2081, V\u2082 = \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \/ \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 (\u043c\/\u0441)<\/p>\n

a\u2081, A\u2082 = \u041f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043c2)<\/p>\n

C_d = \u041a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 (0,85\u20130,95)<\/i><\/p>\n

(2) \u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438: <\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u0412\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0433\u0435\u0437\u0438\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446 \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 15-20%.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

2.2 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/i><\/h4>\n

\u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0433\u0435\u0437\u0438\u044e \u043f\u044b\u043b\u0438. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442.:<\/p>\n

(1) \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b:<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u0410\u043b\u044e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432 AA3003-H14 (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438: 145 \u041c\u041f\u0430) \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 AA1100 (90 \u041c\u041f\u0430).<\/p>\n

(2) \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 Al\u2082o\u2083 \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0449\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 10-15 \u043c\u043a\u043c (\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c 15-20%), \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (~15 \u0412\u0442\/\u043c\u00b7\u041a) \u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (HV \u2265 800).<\/p>\n

(3)\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044e (18-22 \u043c\u041d\/\u043c, \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 > 110\u00b0), \u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0432\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0412\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0433\u0435\u0437\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 60%.<\/p>\n

This composite adds minimal thermal resistance (0.0025 m\u00b2\u00b7K\/W, <2% impact on cooling).<\/p>\n

2.3 \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/i><\/h4>\n

\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443:<\/p>\n

2.3.1 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433:<\/strong><\/h5>\n
(1) \u0414\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u00b15 \u041f\u0430).<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(2) \u0418\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f (\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 0,1 \u041a).<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(3) \u041b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446 (\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d 0,1-100 \u043c\u043a\u043c).<\/strong><\/h6>\n
2.3.2 \u041c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438:<\/strong><\/h5>\n
(1) \u0418\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438 (0,5\u20130,8 \u041c\u041f\u0430, \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044b 50-100 \u043c\u0441).<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(2) \u0412\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0449\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043d\u0430 (30-60 \u043e\u0431\/\u043c\u0438\u043d).<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(3) \u0424\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u044b\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (5-8 \u043b\/\u043c\u0438\u043d, 0,3 \u041c\u041f\u0430).<\/strong><\/h6>\n
2.3.3 \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/strong><\/h5>\n
(1) \u0410\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(2) \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e \u043f\u0435\u0441\u0447\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0445.<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 15% \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 5\u041a, \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 70% \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f 85% \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n\u042d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (%)<\/td>\n\u041f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 (\u043a\u0412\u0442\u0447\/\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b)<\/td>\n\u0420\u0438\u0441\u043a \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0420\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0421\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n85\u201390<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n\u0423\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n\u041f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0412\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445<\/td>\n70\u201375<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n\u041d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/td>\n\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0412\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0429\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/td>\n80\u201385<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/td>\n\u0421\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u041e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n90\u201395<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439<\/td>\n\u0415\u0436\u0435\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 2: \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/i><\/div>\n

3. \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/em><\/b><\/h3>\n

3.1 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c:<\/strong><\/h4>\n
(1) IEC 60076-22-1: \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440 (\u0434\u043e 50 \u00b0C).<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(2) \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 IEEE Std C57.12.00-2015: \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 IP55 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044b\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(3) ANSI \/ IEEE C57.96: \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 0,85-0,92 \u0432\u0442.<\/strong><\/h6>\n

3.2 \u041e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u043b\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435:<\/strong><\/i><\/h4>\n
(1) \u0414\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0439 (DEWA): \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 2000-\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0430\u044d\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 3 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 20% \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 10 \u043b\u0435\u0442.<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(2) Saudi (SEC): \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f 500-\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 (ISO 12103-1 \u043f\u044b\u043b\u044c A2 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e 8 \u043c \/ \u0441), \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e \u226430%.<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0430\u044d\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 5-10 \u043b\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n

(1) \u041e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e.<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(2) \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0435 3 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/strong><\/h6>\n
(3) \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n

\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f LuShan, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 1975 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 50 \u043b\u0435\u0442. \u0412\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, R-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440; \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u044b<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\u0423\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e \u0441\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435: www.lstransformer.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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How to Design Anti-Sand Clogging for Transformer Radiators in Desert Areas? In global energy infrastructure, transformers play a critical role, especially in harsh desert environments. Desert conditions pose unique challenges for transformer radiators, with sand and dust clogging being a prominent issue. This article provides a scientific and detailed analysis of anti-sand clogging design strategies […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4423,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faq"],"yoast_head":"\nHow to Design Anti-Sand Clogging for Transformer Radiators in Desert Areas? - LS power transformer, Line reactor, High-voltage transformer, Oil-immersed transformer-CHANGSHA LUSHAN ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In global energy infrastructure, transformers play a critical role, especially in harsh desert environments. Desert conditions pose unique challenges for transformer radiators, with sand and dust clogging being a prominent issue. This article provides a scientific and detailed analysis of anti-sand clogging design strategies for transformer radiators in desert areas, helping power equipment operators and engineers optimize performance and extend service life.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lstransformer.com\/ru\/how-to-design-anti-sand-clogging-for-transformer-radiators-in-desert-areas-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Design Anti-Sand Clogging for Transformer Radiators in Desert Areas? - LS power transformer, Line reactor, High-voltage transformer, Oil-immersed transformer-CHANGSHA LUSHAN ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In global energy infrastructure, transformers play a critical role, especially in harsh desert environments. Desert conditions pose unique challenges for transformer radiators, with sand and dust clogging being a prominent issue. 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