Why Does Transformer Noise Persist?

—From Noise Source Identification to Targeted Solutions

 

According to the latest CIGRE survey, 29% of global operational transformers exhibit audible abnormal noise, with 18% of cases leading to equipment damage. Abnormal noise is not only an early sign of performance degradation but also a potential risk to grid safety. This guide integrates IEC 60076 and IEEE C57.12 standards to provide a systematic solution covering electromagnetic, mechanical, and environmental factors, offering actionable noise control strategies for global power enterprises.

 

Inhalt

1. Electromagnetic System Abnormalities: Hidden Causes of Noise

▶Ursachen 

● Magnetostriction Instability 

Silicon steel sheets generate periodic deformation (magnetostriction coefficient: 1-3 ppm) under alternating magnetic fields, with a vibration base frequency of twice the power frequency (100/120 Hz). When core clamping force drops below 15% of the design value, micro-movements between laminations trigger high-frequency resonance, increasing noise by 8-12 dB(A).

 

Datenvergleich:

Status	Clamping Force (kN/m)	Lärm dB (A)
Normal	180-220	62 3 ±
Abnormal	<153	70-75

 

● Harmonische Resonanz Risks Non-linear loads produce harmonic currents (especially 3rd and 5th orders). When harmonic distortion (THD) exceeds IEEE 519’s 5% limit, core vibration acceleration triples.

 

▶ Lösungen

●Stepped Lamination Process Adopt a 45° core design to shift resonance peaks to non-sensitive frequencies (>800 Hz), reducing noise by 40%.

 

●Dynamic Harmonic Suppression Install series filter reactors (6%/12% reactance) on the low-voltage side to increase harmonic path impedance (XL=2πfL), forcing harmonic current attenuation.

 

2. Mechanical Instability: Root of Progressive Noise

▶ Fehlermechanismen

● Bolt Loosening Kettenreaktion Per VDI 2230, M24 bolts lose 12%-18% preload annually. At <60% initial preload, structural components generate 200-500 Hz impact noise.

 

Prüfkriterien:

 

Parameter	Zulässige Abweichung	Folgen
Horizontale Verschiebung	<0.5 mm/m	Core eccentricity vibration
Vertical Settlement	<0.3 mm/m	Winding pressure imbalance
Angular Tilt	<0.1 °	Strukturelle Resonanz

 

▶Verstärkungstechniken

● Self-Compensating Preload System Use DIN 2093 disc springs at critical joints to maintain ±5% preload fluctuation.

● Laser-Wellenausrichtung  Deploy API XD Laser systems for 0.001 mm precision to eliminate installation-induced noise.

 

3. Environmental Coupling: Overlooked Noise Amplifiers

▶ Szenario Analyse

● Ground Vibration Transmission Nearby roads/railways induce 30-80 Hz vibrations (ISO 10816 limit: 0.8 m/s²). At >1.2 m/s², vibrations transfer via rigid bases, increasing noise by 10 dB.

 

● Acoustic Reflection In enclosed substations, wall reflections boost specific frequencies by 4-6 dB. Optimize absorption layouts using COMSOL to reduce reverberation from 3.2s to 1.1s.

 

▶ Portfolio

 

Isolationsart	Eigenfrequenz	Durchgangsdämpfung (IN-OUT)	Anwendungsbereiche
Gummipads	8-15 Hz	60 %	General environments
Luftfedern	2-5 Hz	85 %	Präzisionsgeräte

 

● Siemens Hamburg reduced traffic-induced noise from 68 dB to 57 dB using spring isolation (4 Hz).

● China Southern Grid cut acoustic reflections by 9 dB using porous aluminum fiber panels (NRC 0.95).

 

Zusammenfassend

Conclusion Transformer noise reflects imbalances in mechanical and electromagnetic energy. This guide’s "Electromagnetic-Structural-Environmental-Intelligent" framework enables systematic solutions:

 

●Source Control: Optimize core design and harmonic suppression.

●Propagation Blocking: Upgrade vibration isolation and absorption.

●Smart Monitoring: Deploy IoT sensors and digital twins.

 

Implement quarterly ISO 10816 vibration scans and build an IEC 62485-compliant noise database to transition from reactive repairs to proactive maintenance.

 

Kontaktieren Sie uns

LuShan, Europäische Sommerzeit.1975, ist ein chinesischer professioneller Hersteller, spezialisiert auf Leistungstransformatoren und Reaktoren für50+ Jahre. Führende Produkte sind Einphasentransformator, Dreiphasentransformator Isolierung Transformatoren, elektrischer Transformator, Verteiltransformator, Abwärts- und Aufwärtstransformator, Niederspannungstransformator, Hochspannungstransformator, Steuertransformator, Ringkerntransformator, R-Kern-Transformator;Gleichstrominduktoren, Wechselstromreaktoren, Filterreaktoren, Netz- und Lastreaktoren, Drosseln, Filterreaktoren und Zwischen- und Hochfrequenzprodukte.

 

Unsere Kraft Transformatoren und Reaktoren werden in zehn Anwendungsbereichen häufig eingesetzt: Schnellverkehr, Baumaschinen, erneuerbare Energien, intelligente Fertigung, medizinische Geräte, Explosionsschutz in Kohlebergwerken, Erregersysteme, Vakuumsintern (Öfen), zentrale Klimaanlagen.

 

Erfahren Sie mehr über Leistungstransformatoren und Reaktoren:www.lstransformer.com.

 

Wenn Sie maßgeschneiderte Lösungen für Transformatoren oder Drosseln wünschen, kontaktieren Sie uns bitte.

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