What are the unique advantages of split transformers in limiting short-circuit current?

The split transformers have the following unique advantages in limiting the short-circuit current:

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1. High impedance design

Split transformers are usually designed with high impedance, especially in semi-crossing impedance. This means that when a short circuit occurs in a branch of the split winding, the short circuit current passes this relatively high semi-crossing impedance. Because the half-crossing impedance is larger than the crossing impedance (usually a quarter of the split coefficient), the short circuit current supplied will be relatively small, effectively limiting the size of the short circuit current.

2. Split winding structure

The low-voltage winding of the split transformer is divided into several parts that are not connected on the circuit. This structural feature also helps to limit the short-circuit current. When a short circuit fails, the voltage reduction of the other branches is small and may even remain unchanged, thanks to the high impedance between the split windings. Therefore, even in the case of one branch failure, the other branches can still continue to provide power supply, while the short-circuit current is effectively limited.

3. Magnetic path saturation effect

The characteristics of magnetic circuit saturation is also considered in the design. In the short circuit case, the magnetic circuit saturates rapidly, thus limiting the further growth of the current. This characteristic allows the split transformer to perform well in limiting the short-circuit current.

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To sum up, through its unique high impedance design, split winding structure and magnetic circuit saturation effect, the split transformer effectively limits the size of short circuit current and improves the stability and safety of the power system. These advantages lead to the widespread use of split transformers in large generator plants, photovoltaic projects, and other power systems that require high reliability.

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