What is the function of a reactor?

Reactor commonly used in power systems include series reactors and shunt reactors. Series reactors are primarily used to limit short-circuit currents, and they can also be connected in series or parallel with capacitors in filters to limit high-order harmonics in the grid. Reactors in 220kV, 110kV, 35kV, and 10kV grids are used to absorb reactive power caused by the capacitance of cable lines. The operating voltage can be adjusted by changing the number of shunt reactors. Shunt reactors in ultra-high-voltage systems have various functions related to improving the operation of the power system’s reactive power, including:

Mitigating the capacitive effect on lightly loaded or unloaded lines to reduce transient overvoltages at power frequency.

Improving voltage distribution on long transmission lines.

Balancing reactive power in the line as much as possible during light loads to prevent unreasonable flow of reactive power and reduce power losses on the line.

Reducing the steady-state voltage on high-voltage buses when large generators are in parallel with the system, facilitating synchronous paralleling of generators.

Preventing the occurrence of self-excitation magnet resonance phenomena in generators with long lines.

When using a grounding device with a neutral point of the reactor, small reactors can also compensate for the inter-phase and phase-to-ground capacitance of the line to accelerate the automatic extinction of backfeed currents, making it easier to adopt.

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